From our Debugger Support Listing the below devices will work on both boards:  (assuming you want to use the same debugger on both devices)

• F2232 MiniModule
• F2232H Dual RS232
• Segger J-Link

I do not know of any reason these would not be available in Germany at present.

That looks compatible as it uses the same FT2232-H Chip, and expect it will be the same as using the "F2232H Dual RS232" options in Visual Micro, and the same hardware connections.

If there are issues when you set it up let us know, and I would recommend starting with the ESP32 (if you have it) for debugging, then once working move onto the STM32.
ESP32 Hardware Debugging Docs
FT2232 Dual Wiring Diagram

The FT2232 Modules support JTAG debugging, and the Serial can also be routed through this as well (as the ESP-PROG does this using the same chip on-board).

Reviewing how the ESP32-PROG works (https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/ESP-Prog_reference_d...)

The Arduino RX goes to FT2232H BD0, and Arduino TX goes to FT2232H BD1, which should be labelled on your board or mappable from the standard Mini Module Data Sheet below:
https://ftdichip.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/DS_FT2232H_Mini_Module.pdf

If this is not the correct section or document, please re-post the direct link to the document again.